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What Are FANUC G Codes and M Codes and How to Use Them in CNC Machines

Introduction In CNC machining, precision and automation rely heavily on programming. FANUC, one of the world’s leading CNC control manufacturers, uses two major types of machine instructions—G codes and M codes. These codes tell the machine how and what to do, forming the core language that drives every cutting operation. What Are G Codes? G codes (Geometric codes) control the movement and motion of the machine tool. Each G code defines a specific machining function such as positioning, circular interpolation, or coordinate setup. Common FANUC G Codes G00 – Rapid positioning (fast movement between points) G01 – Linear interpolation (controlled cutting feed) G02 / G03 – Circular interpolation (clockwise / counterclockwise arcs) G17 / G18 / G19 – Plane selection (XY / ZX / YZ) G20 / G21 – Unit selection (inch / millimeter) G90 / G91 – Absolute or incremental positioning G codes are usually modal—meaning once activated, they remain in effect until changed by another G code. What Are M Codes? M codes (Miscellaneous codes) handle the machine’s auxiliary functions, such as spindle control, tool change, or coolant. While G codes manage movement, M codes manage the supporting systems that make machining possible. Common FANUC M Codes M03...

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The Role and Functions of FANUC Data Server

Introduction In modern CNC systems, efficient data management is essential for productivity and precision. FANUC Data Server is one of the most powerful features available in FANUC CNC controls, providing fast and secure data exchange between the machine and external networks. It plays a critical role in digital manufacturing environments where automation and real-time data flow are key. What Is FANUC Data Server? The FANUC Data Server is an optional internal storage and communication module built into FANUC CNC controllers. It functions as an industrial file server, allowing operators to store, manage, and transfer NC programs, tool paths, and machining parameters without relying on external USB drives or manual data input. Key Functions Program Storage and Access – Users can store large part programs directly inside the control, ideal for 3D machining or complex 5-axis operations. Ethernet File Sharing – The data server supports high-speed Ethernet communication (FTP or SMB), enabling easy file transfer from PCs or company networks. Backup and Recovery – Machine data, offsets, and parameters can be automatically backed up, improving reliability and reducing downtime. Multi-Machine Connectivity – It can serve multiple CNCs simultaneously, streamlining production management across multiple machines. Security and Version Control – User authentication...

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